In this systematic literature review of all outbreaks in the Netherlands of duodenoscope-associated infection (DAI) during an 11-year study period, the authors confirmed three outbreaks across three medical centers, with a total of 21 confirmed cases. Based on an estimated number of 204 170 ERCPs performed during the study period, the minimum estimated DAI risk was 0.01%, or 1 case in every 10 000 ERCPs.

Despite the worldwide introduction of COVID-19 vaccinations, GI endoscopy still entails a significant risk of infection and morbidity from COVID-19, for both health care professionals (HCPs) and patients. Infection prevention and control has been shown to be dramatically effective in assuring their safety. This ESGE-ESGENA updated Position Statement aims to provide ongoing guidance during the pandemic to help assure the highest level of GI endoscopy care and protection against COVID-19 for our patients and HCPs. It is based upon the best available evidence in the current context of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 viral variants.